Nostra res agitur: open science as a social question
October 22nd 2015
14.30
Welcome addresses
15.00
Jean-Claude Guédon (Université de Montreal), Universal, not Global, science: why Open Access is crucial to the good health of scientific communication.
Since the WWII, the landscape of scientific communication has quietly, yet deeply, changed. The advent of the Science Citation Index in the ’70’s, the growth of commercial publishers, and, finally, the fundamental affordances of digitization and the Internet have converged to create an oligopolistic structure to scientific communication. Scientific communication has thus been globalized in ways that are not all that different from economic globalization. Open Access may be a way to correct this situation, but only if some further conditions are also respected and implemented. The presentation will explore some of these conditions to reach the goal of universality for science.
Giovanni Destro Bisol (Università di Roma “La Sapienza”), The emerging complexity of data sharing: lessons from human genetics and genomics
In this lecture, I present an overview of data sharing dynamics with a focus on Human Evolutionary Anthropology. I will first discuss three different views on Open data: “Share or die”, “I just don’care” and “Tension between secrecy and openness”. Then, I will talk about the complexity surrounding open data dynamics in a relatively small research field, Human evolutionary Genetic and Genomics. Thereafter, I will show some results of empirical studies on the data sharing behavior in human genetics and other scientific disciplines, and describe two cases of good practice (Forensic Genetics and Paleogenetics). Finally, I will discuss the implications of arguments and evidence shown here for the future initiatives of the Associazione Italiana per la Scienza Aperta.
Coffee break
16.45
Philosophy, politics and law
Giovanni Salmeri (Università di Roma Tor Vergata), ‘It is a benefit to all alike’. The Birth of Philosophy from the Spirit of Open Access.
Giunio Luzzatto (Università di Genova), Disponibilità pubblica dei risultati scientifici versus clausole di segretezza previste in convenzioni di privati con le Università.
17.30
Open science: business models and certification
Paola Gargiulo (CINECA), Introduction.
Stefano Salvia (ADI), The paradoxes of Open Access.
Aim of my talk is to provide first of all a brief overview on the main problems related to OA in its currently different forms, in order to discuss more in detail some possible (partial) solutions, taking two fundamental questions in account: 1) which OA form should be preferred at the moment by young researchers, even considering the criteria underlying the evaluation (not only in Italy) of the quality of their scientific production, therefore of their career opportunities? 2) how should we evaluate the proposal of separating the editorial work of academic journals from the evaluation of the scientific quality of their papers, which should pertain to a public and independent authority?
Pierre Mounier (Cléo), Open Editions.
Ralf Schimmer (Max Planck Gesellschaft Digital Library) Disrupting the subscription journals’ business model for the necessary large-scale transformation to open access.
Elena Giglia (Università di Torino), Report from EU meeting, Bruxelles, October 12th, 2015
This short report tries to highlight some of the key issues debated at the EC Workshop on alternative Open Access publishing models in Brussels, October 12. The preliminary question is whether the current scholarly system is functional to the interest of science. We then shall focus on new initiatives and proposals aimed at finding a new balance within the framework of economic sustainability.
Maria Cassella, Enrico Pasini (Università di Torino) Concluding Remarks
18.45
Tools, projects and experiences
Gabriele Gattiglia (Università di Pisa), Opening archaeology. MappaProject and the MOD archive.
October 23rd 2015
9.00
Philosophy, politics and law
Andrea Cerroni (Università di Milano Bicocca), Science and democracy for the Global Knowledge-society
Maria Chiara Pievatolo (Università di Pisa), Publishing without perishing. Are there such things as “research products”?
At the end of Plato’s Phaedo, Socrates does not succeed in persuading Crito that the real Socrates is the Socrates who is now conversing and arranging the details of his argument, not the one whom he will soon see as a corpse. According to Ernst Cassirer, the philosopher is the one who knows how to die, by overcoming his individuality to participate in a universal conversation. Hence, while Crito’s Socrates has long become dust, Plato’s Socrates is still speaking to us: research is an unending process, not a competitive production of statical “research products”. If any research assessment is done à la Crito, by counting “products” and citations and burying them in, academy may become so predatory and fraudulent that the difference between a respected scholar and an impostor faking his data would be just of degree, not of kind. And that the only viable route to open access, if any, would remain the grey road of administrative enforcement on scholars glad to be treated like zombies.
Paola Galimberti (Università di Milano), Open Access and responsible research
Valentina Moscon (Università di Trento), Open science in Italia e in Europa: a che punto siamo?
Coffee break
10.30
Open data, institutional repositories
Elena Giglia, (Università di Torino), Open access reloaded.
Where are we 10 years after the Berlin Declaration? Are the “green” and “gold” open access roads still responding to the researchers’ needs? Is there something new on the horizon? We shall try to set the current framework, taking into account the recent European developments, in order to open a constructive debate aimed at finding new strategies and services.
Francesca Di Donato (Net7), What about re-using data? Some considerations on problems and perspectives.
Thomas Margoni (University of Stirling), Open Scholarship and Text and Data Mining.
The presentation focuses on the legal framework within which scientists in the field of publication and data management operate. Text and Data Mining (TDM) is used as a paradigmatic example to illustrate the many legal issues that scientists face. Firstly, the talk offers an overview of the rights that are commonly found in the research and scientific environment: copyright, rights related to copyright and database rights as well as other regulatory instruments such as privacy and data protection, public sector information (PSI) and contracts (e.g. terms of use and licences). Secondly, it is argued that these tools are often perceived by scientists as hurdles rather than enablers of their scientific activity, even though some of these rights were originally drafted in order to achieve the opposite goal. To the extent that such a perception is correct it is fair to question whether the identified rights in their current form have failed their mission. Thirdly, a few examples of changes at the legislative, policy and institutional level that could lead to an Open Science model are discussed. Finally, some recommendations are proposed which should be implemented in order to make the mentioned changes effective.
Gabriella Benedetti (Università di Pisa), Arpi e le Linee di indirizzo dell’Università di Pisa sull’accesso aperto. Un lungo percorso appena iniziato.
ore 11.15
Roberto Caso (Università di Trento), Conclusions
The conference slides and videos can be downloaded from the archivio Marini
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